Gliclazide is a second-generation sulfonylurea antihyperglycemic drug featuring unique hemovascular properties. Beyond its primary mechanism of closing ATP-dependent potassium channels in pancreatic beta-cells to promote insulin secretion, its specific molecular structure acts as a general free radical scavenger. This secondary action reduces oxidative stress in endothelial tissues, slows down platelet hyper-aggregation, and provides systemic microvascular protection against diabetic vascular complications.